Skincare, backed by science.

01 What is the skin barrier and why does it matter? The skin barrier is the protective layer formed by the stratum corneum , the outermost layer of the epidermis. It… Read article → 02 What is Ortholamellar Technology (OLT®)? OLT® (Ortholamellar Technology) is a formulation technology that mirrors the natural arrangement of the skin's own… Read article → 03 What does emulsifier-free care mean? Emulsifiers hold the oil and water phases of a cream together. A side effect is the "wash-out effect" : they can carry… Read article → 04 What is trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL)? Trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) is the amount of water lost through evaporation from the outermost layer of the skin.… Read article → 05 Lipid balance in dry, tight-feeling skin Dryness is often about lipid content , not just water. When ceramide, cholesterol and fatty acid balance is disrupted,… Read article → 06 Principles of gentle care for sensitivity-prone skin Sensitivity-prone skin reacts more visibly to environmental factors and mechanical friction. The core principle is… Read article → 07 Why is airless packaging preferred? Airless packaging dispenses product without letting air back in. It protects sensitive actives from oxidation and, by… Read article → 08 How to read an ingredient (INCI) list? INCI is the international standard naming system for cosmetic ingredients. Items are listed in descending order of… Read article → 09 Dermocosmetics vs. classic cosmetics Dermocosmetics are cosmetic products developed with a dermatological approach, often supported by clinical evaluations… Read article → 10 How to build a barrier-friendly routine? The logic is simplicity: gentle cleansing , barrier-supported moisturising with skin-identical lipids and… Read article → 11 What are ceramides and their role in skincare? Ceramides are the key building blocks of the lipid mortar in the skin barrier, making up about half of the lipids in… Read article → 12 The 5 most common myths about moisturising "Oily skin needs no moisturiser" — a myth. Oil (sebum) and hydration are different; even oily skin can be dehydrated.… Read article → 13 How to recognise your skin type There are four main types — normal, dry, oily and combination — and, independently, skin may be sensitivity-prone . A… Read article → 14 How skincare changes between seasons In winter , low humidity, cold air and indoor heating increase moisture loss; richer, barrier-supported moisturisers… Read article → 15 The essentials of men's skincare Men's skin is generally thicker , higher in collagen density and produces more sebum, so oiliness is more common. Yet… Read article → 16 Why some dermocosmetics are sold only through physicians Some dermocosmetic brands are offered only through physicians, clinics and pharmacies rather than general retail. The… Read article → 17 Niacinamide, panthenol, hyaluronic acid: common ingredients Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a widely used, well-tolerated ingredient supporting overall skin appearance and comfort.… Read article → 18 Skin lipids: ceramides, cholesterol and fatty acids A healthy barrier forms from three lipid groups in a specific ratio: ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids ,… Read article → 19 Why the skin's pH balance matters Healthy skin is slightly acidic , with a pH typically between 4.5 and 5.5 — the "acid mantle" , part of the skin's… Read article → 20 In what order should skincare be applied? A general rule is to apply products from thinnest to thickest texture . A typical morning routine: gentle cleanse,… Read article → 21 Why sun protection is the cornerstone of skincare Sun protection is one of the most fundamental yet most neglected steps in skincare. The sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays are… Read article → 22 What do antioxidants do in skincare? Antioxidants are ingredients that support the skin against the visible effects of environmental factors. Daily life… Read article → 23 What to know about the appearance of pores Pores are a natural part of skin structure and exist in every skin. These small surface openings let skin release its… Read article → 24 Factors affecting the skin's visible ageing The skin's changing appearance over time results from both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors are… Read article → 25 Why correct cleansing matters Cleansing is the first and most important step of a routine. Throughout the day, oil, sweat, pollution and product… Read article → 26 What is exfoliation and how to approach it? Exfoliation removes dead cells from the skin surface. Skin renews naturally, but cells can accumulate and make skin… Read article → 27 How is skin moisture retained? Humectants, emollients, occlusives Moisturisers usually contain three types of ingredient. Humectants (e.g. glycerin, hyaluronic acid) attract and bind… Read article → 28 Winter skincare tips Winter can be challenging for skin. Low humidity, cold air and indoor heating together increase moisture loss. Many… Read article → 29 How should summer skincare be? Summer brings different needs. Heat, humidity, more sweating and intense sun exposure define the season. Many find skin… Read article → 30 How does makeup removal affect skin health? Removing makeup properly at day's end is an important part of skincare. Residue left on skin combines with the day's… Read article → 31 What is a serum and how to use it? A serum is usually a water-based, lightweight product concentrated in certain ingredients. Its fluid texture spreads… Read article → 32 What to watch in eye-area care The eye-area skin is thinner and more delicate than the rest of the face, with fewer oil glands — so it can dry more… Read article → 33 The basic principles of oily skin care Oily skin produces more sebum, often showing shine, prominent pores and midday oiliness — usually a result of genetic,… Read article → 34 How to balance combination skin? Combination skin shows different traits in different areas. Typically the T-zone (forehead, nose, chin) is oilier and… Read article → 35 What is the skin microbiome and why does it matter? The skin microbiome is the community of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and others) that naturally live on the skin… Read article → 36 Gentle care for redness-prone skin Some skin tends to respond to environmental factors, temperature changes or certain ingredients with redness — an… Read article → 37 What to look for on a product label The label is the key source of information when assessing a product. It carries the ingredients (INCI list), usage… Read article → 38 Truths about "natural" vs "chemical" ingredients "Natural" and "chemical" are often misunderstood. Contrary to belief, natural isn't always safer, nor chemical always… Read article → 39 How to patch test a new product A patch test means trying a new product on a small area before applying it to the whole face. This simple step helps… Read article → 40 The link between sleep and skin appearance Sleep is an important part of overall health and indirectly affects skin appearance. During sleep the body rests and… Read article → 41 Does nutrition affect skin appearance? Nutrition is a core component of overall health and has an indirect link to skin appearance. Skin is the body's largest… Read article → 42 Care for hand and body skin Skincare usually brings the face to mind, but hand and body skin also need care. Hands contact water, soap and… Read article → 43 How to ensure post-shave skin comfort? Shaving mechanically affects the outermost skin layer. As the blade passes, it cuts hair while slightly straining the… Read article → 44 Dehydrated skin vs. dry skin Two concepts are often confused: dry skin and dehydrated skin — they're different. Dry skin is a skin type linked to a… Read article → 45 Using skincare ingredients together When multiple active ingredients are used, their compatibility matters. Some work well together; others can strain skin… Read article → 46 Gentle skincare in sensitive periods In some life periods (e.g. pregnancy, breastfeeding or hormonal changes), skin can become more sensitive and react… Read article → 47 How should skincare products be stored? Proper storage helps preserve ingredient stability and product freshness. Heat, light and air can cause many actives to… Read article → 48 Does an effective routine have to be expensive? A common myth is that "expensive is always better". A product's effectiveness relates not to price but to formulation… Read article → 49 Zeitschild and the barrier-friendly care philosophy Zeitschild is a German dermocosmetic brand built on respect for the skin barrier. Its core approach is formulas that… Read article → 50 Where are dermocosmetics obtained? Unlike classic cosmetics, dermocosmetics are usually offered through specific channels. Some brands offer them via… Read article → 51 What is the stratum corneum? The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis. Though only a fraction of a millimetre thick, it forms the… Read article → 52 Lamellar structure: how skin lipids are arranged Lamellar structure refers to the orderly, stacked arrangement of lipids in the skin barrier. This arrangement is not… Read article → 53 How does skin renew itself? The corneocyte cycle Skin renews continuously. New cells are produced in the basal layer; as they move upward they mature, lose their nuclei… Read article → 54 What is occlusion and how does it affect skin? Occlusion means creating a layer on the skin surface that physically slows water evaporation. Occlusive ingredients… Read article → 55 What is Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF)? Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) is a mixture of small, water-binding molecules found inside corneocytes — amino… Read article → 56 What is sebum and what does it do? Sebum is an oily secretion produced by the skin's sebaceous glands, composed of triglycerides, wax esters, squalene and… Read article → 57 What does glycerin do in skincare? Glycerin is one of the most widely used humectants in skincare — a humectant being an ingredient that attracts and… Read article → 58 What is hyaluronic acid and how does it work? Hyaluronic acid (INCI: Sodium Hyaluronate or Hyaluronic Acid) occurs naturally in the body, particularly in the dermis… Read article → 59 What to know about niacinamide (vitamin B3) Niacinamide (nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3) is a widely used and generally well-tolerated skincare ingredient.… Read article → 60 What is panthenol (pro-vitamin B5)? Panthenol is a precursor of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), hence "pro-vitamin B5". Known in skincare for its soothing… Read article → 61 How do shower habits affect skin? Daily shower habits affect the skin barrier more than commonly assumed. Water temperature, shower duration and cleanser… Read article → 62 How do air conditioning and indoor air affect skin? Much of modern life is spent indoors, where air conditions continuously affect the skin. Both air conditioning and… Read article → 63 Skincare for flights and travel An aircraft cabin is a notably dry environment. Relative humidity in the cabin can be markedly below everyday levels —… Read article → 64 Skincare after exercise and sweating During exercise the body warms, circulation increases and sweat glands activate. Sweat, largely water and electrolytes,… Read article → 65 The most common skincare mistakes Some well-intentioned habits can actually strain the barrier. A common mistake is over-cleansing : washing many times… Read article → 66 How does skin adapt to a new product? When you change your routine, skin takes time to adjust. A new product means a different texture and ingredient… Read article → 67 Characteristics of baby and child skin Baby and child skin differs structurally from adult skin. The stratum corneum is thinner, barrier function is not yet… Read article → 68 The care approach for mature skin With age, structural changes occur: sebum production generally decreases, stratum corneum lipid content can decline and… Read article → 69 Does water hardness affect skin? Hard water contains high levels of mineral ions such as calcium and magnesium. It doesn't only leave limescale on… Read article → 70 Air pollution and skin appearance In city life, skin is exposed to various environmental particles throughout the day — particulate matter,… Read article → 71 Screen light (blue light) and skin: what we know Blue light is the high-energy part of the visible spectrum, emitted by screens — but the largest source of blue light… Read article → 72 The link between stress and skin appearance There is a close relationship between skin and the nervous system — an area known as "psychodermatology". During… Read article → 73 When should you see a dermatologist? Cosmetic skincare supports the skin's appearance and comfort. But knowing its limits matters: some situations call for… Read article → 74 The basic principles of scalp care The scalp has a barrier like facial and body skin and works on the same principles. A few differences: hair follicle… Read article → 75 The characteristics and care of lip skin Lip skin differs markedly from the rest of the body. The stratum corneum is far thinner, there are almost no sebaceous… Read article →